Tariff item · Chapter 82 · Section XV, Base metals and articles of base metal
HS 8205 90 30Sets of articles of two or more of the foregoing sub-headings
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof of base metal › Hand tools (including glaziers' diamonds), not elsewhere specified or included, blow lamps, vices, clamps and the like, other than accessories for and parts of, machine-tools or water-jet cutting machines, anvils, portable forges, hand-or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks › Other, including sets of articles of two or more sub-headings of this heading
- Customs duty
- 10%
- Tariff rate
- GST now
- 18%
- Import policy
- Free
- Export policy
- Free
- Unit
- units
- Duty in China
- 8%
- On Indian goods
Importing into India
What customs charges, what trade agreements take off, and the rules the goods must meet.
Customs duty
| Duty | Rate | Charged on |
|---|---|---|
| Basic customs duty (BCD), MFN rate | 10% | Assessable value |
| Agriculture Infrastructure and Development Cess (AIDC) | Nil | Assessable value11/2021-Customs, S.No. 17 |
| Social Welfare Surcharge (SWS) | 10% of BCD, AIDC and Health Cess | BCD + AIDC |
| Integrated GST (IGST) | 18% | Assessable value + BCD + AIDC + SWS |
Lower duty under trade agreements
| Agreement | Customs duty | Goods from |
|---|---|---|
| ASEAN–India FTA | 0% | Brunei, Indonesia, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam |
| Duty-free tariff preference for LDCs | 0% | Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Benin, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Cambodia, Comoros, Laos, Liberia, Lesotho, Madagascar, Mali, Myanmar, Malawi, Mozambique, Niger, Rwanda, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Senegal, Somalia, Chad, Togo, Timor-Leste, Tanzania, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia |
| India–Australia ECTA | 0% | Australia |
| India–EFTA TEPA51/2025-Customs | 0% | Switzerland, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway |
| India–Japan CEPA | 0% | Japan |
| India–Korea CEPA | 0% | South Korea |
| India–Malaysia CECA | 0% | Malaysia |
| India–Singapore CECA | 0% | Singapore |
| India–Sri Lanka FTA | 0% | Sri Lanka |
| India–UK CETA29/2026-Customs | 0% | United Kingdom |
| SAFTA | 0% | Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal |
| India–UAE CEPA | 2% | United Arab Emirates |
| SAFTA | 5% | Sri Lanka |
| India–Oman CEPA20/2026-Customs | 8% | Oman |
| APTA | 9% | Bangladesh, China, South Korea, Sri Lanka |
Goods from Pakistan pay 200%.
Anti-dumping, countervailing and safeguard duty
None in force on this code as on 20 Oct 2026.
Clearance by other agencies
CBIC's Compliance Information Portal lists no other agency's clearance for imports of this item.
From Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC), Compliance Information Portal.
Import policy (DGFT ITC(HS))
- Free.
Notes on these rates
- BCD is the statutory tariff rate from a one-time snapshot of the Indian Trade Portal. Exemption notifications (such as 45/2025-Customs) and tariff changes made after the snapshot, including the Finance Act 2026 changes from 1 May 2026, are not applied.
- IGST comes from our archived GST table, which still has the 12% and 28% slabs, so it may pre-date the GST rate changes of 22 September 2025. Check the current rate.
- AIDC, Health Cess and the SWS exemptions are read from notifications 11/2021-Customs, 08/2020-Customs and 11/2018-Customs as amended (to 16/2026-Customs), and the notifications that lower AIDC for a while. SWS is 10% of BCD, AIDC and Health Cess together (Finance Act 2018, s.110), never of anti-dumping, countervailing or safeguard duty or IGST.
- AIDC is Nil (S.No. 17 of 11/2021-Customs, which exempts all goods it does not name).
- Not included: GST compensation cess, anti-dumping, countervailing and safeguard duties, and exemptions or concessions such as end-use, EOU/SEZ or project imports.
- This does not check whether the import is allowed (DGFT import policy, licences, quality-control orders). The HS code explorer shows the import policy.
- This is an estimate, not an assessment. Confirm the duty with your customs broker or ICEGATE's duty calculator before you price a deal.
GST
IGST on imports is the GST rate. Rates changed on 22 September 2025.
- Now 18%.
- Until 21 September 2025 18%.
- Change: Unchanged.
The rules that set it now
| Notification | Goods | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| 9/2025-Integrated Tax (Rate)Schedule II, S.No. 365 | Hand tools (including glaziers' diamonds), not elsewhere specified or included; blow lamps; vices, clamps and the like, other than accessories for and parts of, machine-tools or water-jet cutting machines; anvils; portable forges; hand or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks | 18% |
History
| Period | Rate | Notification |
|---|---|---|
| Until 21 Sep 2025 | 18% | 1/2017-Central Tax (Rate) |
| From 22 Sep 2025 | 18% | 9/2025-Integrated Tax (Rate) |
Exporting from India
Export duty
Nil. The Second Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act does not list these goods, so no export duty is charged.
Duty drawback (All Industry Rates)
| Drawback item | Goods | Rate | Cap |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8205 | Hand tools (including glaziers’ diamonds), not elsewhere specified or included; blow lamps; vices; clamps and the like, other than accessories for and parts of, machine-tools or water-jet cutting machines; anvils; portable forges; hand or pedal- operated grinding wheels with frameworks | 1.7% | — |
Drawback items follow the 4-digit heading, not the 8-digit code: claim the one that describes your goods. Rates of notification 77/2023-Customs (N.T.) as amended, in force on 20 Oct 2026.
Export incentives (RoDTEP and RoSCTL)
- RoDTEP, Appendix 4R (exports from the domestic tariff area): 1.1% of the FOB value, until 31 Dec 2026.
- RoDTEP, Appendix 4RE (exports under Advance Authorisation, EOU or SEZ): 0.7% of the FOB value, until 31 Dec 2026.
Clearance by other agencies
CBIC's Compliance Information Portal lists no other agency's clearance for exports of this item.
*AS PER CIR NO.47/2017-CUS DTD 27/11/2017 FOR THE PURPOSE OF GRANT OF DRAWBACK WHEREVER EXPORT CONSIGNMENTS ARE SELECTED FOR ASSESSMENT OR EXAMINATION,THE AC/DC SHALL DETERMINE THE NEED TO DRAW SAMPLE ON MERITS OF EACH CASE.IF THE PACKING IS OF WOODEN MATERIAL, ENSURE THE VALID PHYTOSANITARY CERTIFICATE AND ISPM-15 MARKING COMPLIANCE AS PER CBEC INSTR. F.NO.450/19/2005-CUS-IV DTD 16.9.13.*
From Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC), Compliance Information Portal.
Export policy (DGFT ITC(HS) Schedule 2)
- Free.
What buyers pay abroad: import duty in the US, UK, EU and Australia for 8205 90, and China's below.
China: the same goods (8205 90)
China shares the first 6 digits with India and splits them into 10-digit codes of its own: 4 in force and 1 expired under 8205 90. Exporters see what China charges Indian goods; importers see the rebate and licences their Chinese supplier deals with.
| China code | Goods | Duty on Indian goods | MFN | Import VAT | Export rebate | Licences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8205.90.00.10 | Hand tools specially designed for superplastic forming/diffusion bonding of titanium, aluminium or their alloys for the manufacture of aircraft or spacecraft structural components, aero-engines or space engines or specially designed components therefor为制造航空器结构件或航天器结构件、航空发动机或航天发动机或为上述物项专门设计的部件而专门设计用于钛、铝及其合金超塑成形/扩散连接的手工工具 | 8%MFN rate (no APTA concession on this line) | 8% | 13% | 13% | 3 |
| 8205.90.00.20 | Precision casting intermediate products specially designed for manufacturing gas turbine engine/gas turbine blades, guide vanes, casings and other turbine configuration components专门设计用于制造燃气涡轮发动机/燃气轮机叶片、导向器、机匣等涡轮构型部件的精密铸造中间产品 | 8%MFN rate (no APTA concession on this line) | 8% | 13% | 13% | 3 |
| 8205.90.00.30 | Hand tools specially designed for solid state bonding of discs of superalloys, titanium alloys or intermetallic compounds for gas turbine engines专门设计用于燃气涡轮发动机/燃气轮机的高温合金、钛合金或金属间化合物等材料的盘片固态连接所需的手工工具 | 8%MFN rate (no APTA concession on this line) | 8% | 13% | 13% | 3 |
| 8205.90.00.90 | Other, including sets of articles composed of two or more of the subheadings of heading 8205其他,包括由税目8205项下两个或多个子目所列物品组成的成套货品 | 8%MFN rate (no APTA concession on this line) | 8% | 13% | 13% | None |
- India is a member of the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA). With an APTA certificate of origin, Indian goods pay China's APTA rate where the line has one; China applies the lower of that and its provisional rate.
- The export VAT rebate is what China refunds its own exporters. When China cuts it, Chinese export prices tend to rise.
Every Chinese code in full
8205.90.00Anvils; portable forges; hand- or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks; sets of articles consisting of two or more of the articles of this heading
8205.90.00.10Hand tools specially designed for superplastic forming/diffusion bonding of titanium, aluminium or their alloys for the manufacture of aircraft or spacecraft structural components, aero-engines or space engines or specially designed components therefor为制造航空器结构件或航天器结构件、航空发动机或航天发动机或为上述物项专门设计的部件而专门设计用于钛、铝及其合金超塑成形/扩散连接的手工工具
Including anvils, portable forges, hand or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks包括砧、轻便锻炉、带支架的手摇或脚踏砂轮
- Unit
- kg
- MFN import duty
- 8%
- Provisional import duty
- None
- General import duty
- 50%
- Import VAT
- 13%
- Consumption tax
- 0%
- Export duty
- 0%
- Provisional export duty
- None
- Export VAT rebate
- 13%
- Updated by China
- 23 Aug 2026
Licences and certificates
- 3Dual-use items and technologies export licence两用物项和技术出口许可证
Inspection and quarantine
None.
What the customs declaration must state
- 0.Brand type品牌类型
- 1.Export preferential status出口享惠情况
- 2.Use (domestic, etc.)用途(家用等)
- 3.Material (of alloy steel, etc.)材质(合金钢制等)
- 4.Whether in sets是否成套
- 5.Brand (Chinese or foreign names)品牌(中文或外文名称)
- 6.Model型号
- 7.GTIN
- 8.CAS
- 9.Other其他
China's agreement rates
- ASEAN
- 0%
- Chile
- 0%
- Pakistan
- 4%
- New Zealand
- 0%
- Peru
- 0%
- Costa Rica
- 0%
- Switzerland
- 0%
- Iceland
- 0%
- Australia
- 0%
- South Korea
- 0%
- Georgia
- 0%
- Mauritius
- 0%
- Maldives
- 0%
- Cambodia
- 0%
- Nicaragua
- 3.2%
- Ecuador
- 6.4%
- Serbia
- 0%
- Hong Kong
- 0%
- Macao
- 0%
RCEP rates
- Australia
- 0%
- Brunei
- 0%
- Cambodia
- 0%
- South Korea
- 5.3%
- Laos
- 0%
- Malaysia
- 0%
- New Zealand
- 0%
- Singapore
- 0%
- Thailand
- 0%
- Vietnam
- 0%
- Japan
- 5.7%
- Indonesia
- 0%
- Philippines
- 0%
- Myanmar
- 0%
CIQ codes
- 8205900010999Hand tools (including anvils, portable forges, hand- or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks) specially designed for superplastic forming/diffusion bonding of titanium, aluminium and their alloys for the manufacture of airframe or spacecraft structures, aero-engines or spacecraft engines or specially designed components therefor为制造航空器结构件或航天器结构件、航空发动机或航天发动机或为上述物项专门设计的部件而专门设计用于钛、铝及其合金超塑成形/扩散连接的手工工具(包括砧、轻便锻炉、带支架的手摇或脚踏砂轮)
8205.90.00.20Precision casting intermediate products specially designed for manufacturing gas turbine engine/gas turbine blades, guide vanes, casings and other turbine configuration components专门设计用于制造燃气涡轮发动机/燃气轮机叶片、导向器、机匣等涡轮构型部件的精密铸造中间产品
Including anvils, portable forges, hand or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks包括砧、轻便锻炉、带支架的手摇或脚踏砂轮
- Unit
- kg
- MFN import duty
- 8%
- Provisional import duty
- None
- General import duty
- 50%
- Import VAT
- 13%
- Consumption tax
- 0%
- Export duty
- 0%
- Provisional export duty
- None
- Export VAT rebate
- 13%
- Updated by China
- 23 Aug 2026
Licences and certificates
- 3Dual-use items and technologies export licence两用物项和技术出口许可证
Inspection and quarantine
None.
What the customs declaration must state
- 0.Brand type品牌类型
- 1.Export preferential status出口享惠情况
- 2.Use (domestic, etc.)用途(家用等)
- 3.Material (of alloy steel, etc.)材质(合金钢制等)
- 4.Whether in sets是否成套
- 5.Brand (Chinese or foreign names)品牌(中文或外文名称)
- 6.Model型号
- 7.GTIN
- 8.CAS
- 9.Other其他
China's agreement rates
- ASEAN
- 0%
- Chile
- 0%
- Pakistan
- 4%
- New Zealand
- 0%
- Peru
- 0%
- Costa Rica
- 0%
- Switzerland
- 0%
- Iceland
- 0%
- Australia
- 0%
- South Korea
- 0%
- Georgia
- 0%
- Mauritius
- 0%
- Maldives
- 0%
- Cambodia
- 0%
- Nicaragua
- 3.2%
- Ecuador
- 6.4%
- Serbia
- 0%
- Hong Kong
- 0%
- Macao
- 0%
RCEP rates
- Australia
- 0%
- Brunei
- 0%
- Cambodia
- 0%
- South Korea
- 5.3%
- Laos
- 0%
- Malaysia
- 0%
- New Zealand
- 0%
- Singapore
- 0%
- Thailand
- 0%
- Vietnam
- 0%
- Japan
- 5.7%
- Indonesia
- 0%
- Philippines
- 0%
- Myanmar
- 0%
CIQ codes
- 8205900020999Tools specially designed for manufacturing precision casting intermediate products (including ceramic cores, wax pattern assemblies, shells) for gas turbine engine/gas turbine blades, vanes, shrouds and other turbine components (including anvils, portable forges, hand or pedal-operated grinding wheels with stands)专门设计用于制造燃气涡轮发动机/燃气轮机叶片、导向器、机匣等涡轮构型部件的精密铸造中间产品(包括陶瓷型芯、蜡模模组、型壳)的工具(包括砧、轻便锻炉、带支架的手摇或脚踏砂轮)
8205.90.00.30Hand tools specially designed for solid state bonding of discs of superalloys, titanium alloys or intermetallic compounds for gas turbine engines专门设计用于燃气涡轮发动机/燃气轮机的高温合金、钛合金或金属间化合物等材料的盘片固态连接所需的手工工具
Including anvils, portable forges, hand or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks包括砧、轻便锻炉、带支架的手摇或脚踏砂轮
- Unit
- kg
- MFN import duty
- 8%
- Provisional import duty
- None
- General import duty
- 50%
- Import VAT
- 13%
- Consumption tax
- 0%
- Export duty
- 0%
- Provisional export duty
- None
- Export VAT rebate
- 13%
- Updated by China
- 23 Aug 2026
Licences and certificates
- 3Dual-use items and technologies export licence两用物项和技术出口许可证
Inspection and quarantine
None.
What the customs declaration must state
- 0.Brand type品牌类型
- 1.Export preferential status出口享惠情况
- 2.Use (domestic, etc.)用途(家用等)
- 3.Material (of alloy steel, etc.)材质(合金钢制等)
- 4.Whether in sets是否成套
- 5.Brand (Chinese or foreign names)品牌(中文或外文名称)
- 6.Model型号
- 7.GTIN
- 8.CAS
- 9.Other其他
China's agreement rates
- ASEAN
- 0%
- Chile
- 0%
- Pakistan
- 4%
- New Zealand
- 0%
- Peru
- 0%
- Costa Rica
- 0%
- Switzerland
- 0%
- Iceland
- 0%
- Australia
- 0%
- South Korea
- 0%
- Georgia
- 0%
- Mauritius
- 0%
- Maldives
- 0%
- Cambodia
- 0%
- Nicaragua
- 3.2%
- Ecuador
- 6.4%
- Serbia
- 0%
- Hong Kong
- 0%
- Macao
- 0%
RCEP rates
- Australia
- 0%
- Brunei
- 0%
- Cambodia
- 0%
- South Korea
- 5.3%
- Laos
- 0%
- Malaysia
- 0%
- New Zealand
- 0%
- Singapore
- 0%
- Thailand
- 0%
- Vietnam
- 0%
- Japan
- 5.7%
- Indonesia
- 0%
- Philippines
- 0%
- Myanmar
- 0%
CIQ codes
- 8205900030999Hand tools specially designed for solid-state joining of disks made of superalloys, titanium alloys or intermetallic compounds for gas turbine engines (including anvils, portable forges, hand- or pedal-operated grinding wheels with stands)专门设计用于燃气涡轮发动机/燃气轮机的高温合金、钛合金或金属间化合物等材料的盘片固态连接所需的手工工具(包括砧、轻便锻炉、带支架的手摇或脚踏砂轮)
8205.90.00.90Other, including sets of articles composed of two or more of the subheadings of heading 8205其他,包括由税目8205项下两个或多个子目所列物品组成的成套货品
Including anvils, portable forges, hand or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks包括砧、轻便锻炉、带支架的手摇或脚踏砂轮
- Unit
- kg
- MFN import duty
- 8%
- Provisional import duty
- None
- General import duty
- 50%
- Import VAT
- 13%
- Consumption tax
- 0%
- Export duty
- 0%
- Provisional export duty
- None
- Export VAT rebate
- 13%
- Updated by China
- 23 Aug 2026
Licences and certificates
None.
Inspection and quarantine
None.
What the customs declaration must state
- 0.Brand type品牌类型
- 1.Export preferential status出口享惠情况
- 2.Use (domestic, etc.)用途(家用等)
- 3.Material (of alloy steel, etc.)材质(合金钢制等)
- 4.Whether in sets是否成套
- 5.Brand (Chinese or foreign names)品牌(中文或外文名称)
- 6.Model型号
- 7.GTIN
- 8.CAS
- 9.Other其他
China's agreement rates
- ASEAN
- 0%
- Chile
- 0%
- Pakistan
- 4%
- New Zealand
- 0%
- Peru
- 0%
- Costa Rica
- 0%
- Switzerland
- 0%
- Iceland
- 0%
- Australia
- 0%
- South Korea
- 0%
- Georgia
- 0%
- Mauritius
- 0%
- Maldives
- 0%
- Cambodia
- 0%
- Nicaragua
- 3.2%
- Ecuador
- 6.4%
- Serbia
- 0%
- Hong Kong
- 0%
- Macao
- 0%
RCEP rates
- Australia
- 0%
- Brunei
- 0%
- Cambodia
- 0%
- South Korea
- 5.3%
- Laos
- 0%
- Malaysia
- 0%
- New Zealand
- 0%
- Singapore
- 0%
- Thailand
- 0%
- Vietnam
- 0%
- Japan
- 5.7%
- Indonesia
- 0%
- Philippines
- 0%
- Myanmar
- 0%
CIQ codes
- 8205900090999Other, including sets of articles of two or more of the subheadings of heading 8205 (incl. anvils, portable forges, hand- or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks) (incl. anvils, portable forges, hand- or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks).其他,包括由税目8205项下两个或多个子目所列物品组成的成套货品(包括砧、轻便锻炉带支架的手摇或脚踏砂轮)(包括砧、轻便锻炉、带支架的手摇或脚踏砂轮)
8205.90.00.00Other, including sets of articles composed of two or more subheadings of this heading其他,包括由本品目项下两个或多个子目所列物品组成的成套货品Expired
Including anvils, portable forges, hand or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks包括砧、轻便锻炉、带支架的手摇或脚踏砂轮
- Unit
- kg
- MFN import duty
- 8%
- Provisional import duty
- None
- General import duty
- 50%
- Import VAT
- 13%
- Consumption tax
- None
- Export duty
- 0%
- Provisional export duty
- None
- Export VAT rebate
- 13%
- Updated by China
- 2 Jul 2024
Licences and certificates
None.
Inspection and quarantine
None.
What the customs declaration must state
- 0.Brand type品牌类型
- 1.Export preferential status出口享惠情况
- 2.Use (domestic, etc.)用途(家用等)
- 3.Material (of alloy steel, etc.)材质(合金钢制等)
- 4.Whether in sets是否成套
- 5.Brand (Chinese or foreign names)品牌(中文或外文名称)
- 6.Model型号
- 7.GTIN
- 8.CAS
- 9.Other其他
China's agreement rates
- ASEAN
- 0%
- Chile
- 0%
- Pakistan
- 4%
- New Zealand
- 0%
- Peru
- 0%
- Costa Rica
- 0%
- Switzerland
- 1.1%
- Iceland
- 0%
- Australia
- 0%
- South Korea
- 2.1%
- Georgia
- 0%
- Mauritius
- 0%
RCEP rates
- Australia
- 0%
- Brunei
- 0%
- Cambodia
- 0%
- Laos
- 0%
- Malaysia
- 0%
- New Zealand
- 0%
- Singapore
- 0%
- Thailand
- 0%
- Vietnam
- 0%
- Japan
- 9.5%
CIQ codes
- 8205900000999Other, including sets of articles consisting of two or more of the articles of this heading (incl. anvils, portable forges, hand or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks)其他,包括由本品目项下两个或多个子目所列物品组成的成套货品(包括砧、轻便锻炉、带支架的手摇或脚踏砂轮)
China's tariff as compiled by HS编码网 from China Customs, the State Council Tariff Commission and the State Taxation Administration. The Chinese is the original.
Nearby codes
Sources
- GSTN HSN code masterChecked 13 Oct 2026
- DGFT ITC(HS) import and export policyChecked 9 Oct 2026
- GST rate per HSN (archived GSTZen extract)Checked 29 Sep 2026
- Customs Tariff of India (First Schedule): sections, chapters, notes and statutory BCDChecked 19 Oct 2026
- GST rates on goods, before and after 22 September 2025Checked 18 Oct 2026
- BIS compulsory certification: products and Quality Control OrdersChecked 18 Oct 2026
- Anti-dumping, countervailing and safeguard duties in force (India)Checked 19 Oct 2026
- India import tariff by origin (Indian Trade Portal snapshot)Checked 29 Sep 2026
- GST schedule headings and 8-digit IGST (archived)Checked 29 Sep 2026
- HS code descriptions (archived file)Checked 29 Sep 2026
- India's effective basic customs duty (notification 45/2025-Customs, Table I)Checked 19 Oct 2026
- India's AIDC, Health Cess and Social Welfare Surcharge exemptions (11/2021, 08/2020, 11/2018-Customs)Checked 19 Oct 2026
- India's preferential tariff schedules (CBIC notifications)Checked 19 Oct 2026
- India's export duty (Second Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act and notifications 27/2011, 55/2022, 22/2024)Checked 19 Oct 2026
- India's All Industry Rates of duty drawback (notification 77/2023-Customs (N.T.))Checked 19 Oct 2026
- RoDTEP export incentive rates (DGFT Appendix 4R and 4RE)Checked 18 Oct 2026
- RoSCTL rebate for apparel and made-ups (Ministry of Textiles): periods and ratesChecked 19 Oct 2026
- CBIC Compliance Information Portal (CIP)Checked 19 Oct 2026
- China customs tariff (HS编码网)Checked 19 Oct 2026
For information, not a customs ruling. Only notifications published in the Gazette have legal force; confirm the duty with your customs broker or ICEGATE before you price a deal.